Impacts of Business Environment Change Essay Example for Free

Impacts of Business Environment Change Essay IP/MIP techniques have been used most often to aid supply chain configuration decisions and there have been many successful applications [9]. Two recent articles [9; 11] made comprehensive reviews about facility location models relevant to global manufacturing operations. This review section focuses on optimization models which are closely related with impacts of business environment cost parameters on the design of manufacturing networks. Cohen and Lee [12] developed a MIP model for a global manufacturing and distribution network. It demonstrated significant impacts of changes in the foreign exchange rate. Cohen and Moon [13] used a MIP model to analyze impacts of changes in a firm’s cost environment. It was found that scale economies, scope economies, and transportation costs could alter optimal facility network design strategies. Vidal and Goetschalckx [14] analyzed impacts of uncertainties on global supply chains through a MIP model. Foreign exchange rate was identified to be influential on global supply chain configurations. Using a two-stage optimization model, Kulkarni et al. [15] evaluated trade-offs between risk pooling and logistics costs in a multi-plant network with commonality. Their analyses showed that impacts of operational cost parameters may be significant and non-intuitive. All these models suggested that cost parameters have significant impacts on manufacturing facility location decisions, and may even alter supply chain configuration strategies. However, they only considered a single objective of profits or costs. The consideration of both costs and responsiveness was seen in the reconfiguration of global manufacturing and distribution network at Digital Equipment Corporation. It used a bi-objective model to minimize total costs and activity days. The model was implemented successfully with savings over $100 million [10]. However, the application did not explore impacts of changes in cost parameters. Overall, there is a lack of using a bi-objective approach to analyze impacts of business environment changes on the configuration of GMNs.

Gender and Coming of Age in Shakespeare’s As You Like It Essay

Gender and Coming of Age in Shakespeare’s As You Like It Shakespeare introduces the protagonists of his comedy, As You Like It, as youths mourning the absence of their fathers: Orlando remarks on the consequences of his father’s death and Rosalind first appears despairing over her father’s exile. He closes the play with the marriage of these youths. The absence of their respective fathers centrally figures into their courtship and preparation for marriage. Even more noticeable is the absence of all mothers—not a single mother or older wife appears in the play. The young women, Rosalind and Celia, enter adulthood, seemingly without any female role models. Such responses impact the development of the young protagonists, causing the two friends, Rosalind and Celia, to be remarkably independent of gender conventions and the constraints of older generations. The absence of elder influences allows Rosalind and Celia to shape their adult lives, particularly as they forge their own unique approaches towards marriage and realiz ations of the institution. In the absence of natural fathers, different characters volunteer as surrogate fathers for Orlando, but not for Rosalind. Without soliciting it, Orlando receives help and guidance from Duke Senior and Adam. For example, the ravenous Orlando interrupts Duke Senior’s banquet and orders them to stop eating, demanding food for Adam and himself. Duke Senior asks him why he so rudely demands food and then advises Orlando that â€Å"gentleness shall force / More than your force move us to gentleness† (2.7.101-102).* Warmly inviting the embarrassed Orlando to his table, the Duke offers him his friendship as he takes Orlando aside to speak privately. Orlando receives such unsolicited help from ... ...ns emotional maturity. Orlando finally achieves social adulthood and Rosalind achieves personal maturity. While the Shakespearean era certainly structured gender roles quite differently from our own, many women today find themselves, like Rosalind and Celia, in a forest of men without female role models. Though decrying the lack of female role models has become trendy, it is important to remember that the leadership of the older generation comes with its own constraints. As each generation forges its own identity, perhaps it is the very absence of such role models and the freedom to wear a man’s hat or a beggar’s cloak that allow the most independent expressions of adulthood to emerge. Work Cited *Shakespeare, As You Like It, in The Complete Works of Shakespeare, ed. David Bevington, 4th ed. (New York: Longman, Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, 1997).

Facts about Jose Rizal Essay

Jose P. Rizal, a man of exceptional talent and intelligence, is the National Hero of the Philippines. That’s a fact (and might be the only fact) that every Filipino knows about Jose Rizal. One might ask, â€Å"How about his name?† Well, that might be uneasy because his full name is Josà © Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda. Let’s be honest that if we will be asked by some people about some things related to Rizal without the help of any references, we can only say less. If that’s make you curious, then here are several interesting facts about Dr. Jose P. Rizal. Most Filipinos don’t know about these trivia about Jose Rizal – verify it yourself if you’re a Filipino. At age two, Jose Rizal could already write and read. He wrote his first poem at the age of 8 entitled ‘Sa Aking Mga Kababata’ (To My Fellow Youth). Just like other Filipinos who are eagerly trying their luck to win the lottery, Rizal also joined such type of gambling where he won one-third of the grand prize (Php 18,000.00) with ticket number 9736. He gave a portion to his father, a friend in Hong Kong and he spent the rest buying agricultural lands in Talisay. He mastered 22 languages: Hebrew, Filipino, Ilokano, Bisayan, Subanon, Chinese, Latin, Spanish, Greek, English, French, German, Arabic, Malay, Sanskrit, Dutch, Japanese, Catalan, Italian, Portugese, Swedish and Russian. Rizal was too small for his age and made him a target of Pedro’s bullying, insulting Pepe in front of the other students at the school of Maestro Justiniano Cruz. Equipped with his Uncle Miguel’s teachings about the art of wrestling, Rizal challenged Pedro to a fistfight. Rizal won and became popular as he proved himself a worthy opponent. Rizal could show too much sarcasm because of his love for his country. Why  and how? Back in Dapitan when he received three visitors in his house in Talisay, he offered the woman named Donya Manuela with Bagoong. The lady ignored the bagoong saying that they do not eat bagoong in their country because it contains worms. With that, Rizal responded saying that he had been in her country and people there eat little birds without taking out intestines. During his exile in Dapitan, he was able to establish a school where he had 21 pupils who were never asked to pay for tuition but was required by Rizal to work for the community. During the class discussion, when his students couldn’t answer his questions correctly, he would jokingly pinch his students. Rizal is one of the few recognized ‘Renaissance man’ in the world. A Renaissance man is a well-educated person and one who excels in a wide variety of subjects or fields. He was an anthropologist, ethnologist, economist, sociologist, educator, architect, engineer, sculptor, painter, playwright, novelist, historian, journalist, farmer, dramatist, ophthalmologist, martial artist, and a cartographer, among other things. Three animal species were named after Rizal; Draco Rizali, a species of flying dragon, Rachophorous Rizali, a species of toad and Apogonia Rizali, a beetle species. Jose Rizal graduated in Ateneo Municipal de Manila as one of the nine students in his class declared as ‘sobresaliente’ or ‘outstanding’. However, he didn’t really top his class when he was in high school. They were 10 in class and only 2 of them got low grades. So basically, the rest earned the same grade Rizal did. Considering that he lived during the latter part of the 19th century where the only means of long distance travel is by ship, he can be considered a very well traveled man. He traveled extensively and had been to the United States, Spain, Great Britain, France, Austria, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Italy, Singapore, Borneo, Hong Kong, China and  Japan. Not even a millionaire today could afford the numerous and extensive travels of Jose Rizal during his time. Rizal’s most famous quotation: ‘Ang hindi magmahal sa sariling wika, daig pa ang hayop at malansang isda’. (He who does not love his own language is worse than an animal and smelly fish). Monuments in honor of Jose Rizal were not only erected in the Philippines but also in various parts of the world like Madrid, Spain; Wilhelmsfeld, Germany; Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Chicago, Cherry Hill Township, San Diego, Seattle, U.S.A.; Mexico City, Mexico; Lima, Peru; Litomerice, Czech Republic; and Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Did you know that Rizal was addressed by his European lover as the ‘little bad boy’? Filipinos are truly honest with themselves saying Rizal was not that handsome – and given the fact he was a man of medium height and small built. However, Jose Rizal had his way with women – it might be his humor, knowledge or the way he present himself. On the series of letters that were discovered to be love messages for Rizal, a Belgian woman named Suzanne wrote: ‘There will never be any home in which you are so loved as that in Brussels. So, you little bad boy, hurry back.’ (Partly related with Fact #13) There are rumors that Rizal was a playboy having a lot of girls mentioned in his autobiography and until now many believe that he really had a lot of girlfriends but the truth is that he only had few real relationships. The other girls were all just flings. and some were just plain friends. His poem Mi Retiro (My Retreat) was written when he was sick and could not work. A religious sect named the Rizalista – members of Cruzado, claims that Jose Rizal is the reincarnation of Jesus Christ. They believe that the execution in Bagumbayan was just a phase that he had to endure to be in the presence of God. They also believe that Rizal is still alive and lives deep in the  forest of Mount Makiling. There are rumors that Rizal’s book entitled El FIlibusterismo was inspired by Alexandre Dumas’ novel The Count of Monte Cristo considering that it was actually one of Rizal’s favorite stories. Quite unusual for a man about to be executed, but his pulse proved to be normal when the Spanish surgeon general requested to take his pulse moments before Rizal’s execution. Rizal was indeed ready and unafraid of his fate. Because of his famed reputation as a Casanova, it was believed that he was involved with a beautiful woman living somewhere in the border of Germany and Austria making people spread statements that Adolf Hitler of Germany and Mao Zedong of China were sons of Jose Rizal. The dam he built in Dapitan was built using burned shells and bricks that were made from the machine he built. In his letter to his best friend, he said that the dam was built by him and fourteen young boys (his students). Filipinos believe that the reason why Rizal was really intelligent is because he was born with a big head. Ambeth R. Ocampo, a multi-awarded Filipino historian, got a hold of Rizal’s original writings which revealed Rizal’s markings and side notes of male organ of different sizes that were drawn all over the book. Rizal was never really a licensed doctor. He never graduated medicine. Technically, he couldn’t really be called Doctor. Rizal was never really a dentist. He just did some self-studying and ‘pretended’ to be one. When Rizal came back, Olimpia, his most beautiful, pregnant sister, was his first patient. He assisted her delivery. Olimpia died as well as her child due to profused bleeding. And Rizal noted in his diary: ‘She would’ve died anyway†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Well, that might be a pain reliever joke of him.)

Prehistoric Life During the Miocene Epoch

The Miocene epoch marks the stretch of geologic time when prehistoric life (with some notable exceptions in South America and Australia) substantially resembled the flora and fauna of recent history, due in part to the long-term cooling of the earths climate. The Miocene was the first epoch of the Neogene period (23-2.5 million years ago), followed by the much shorter Pliocene epoch (5-2.6 million years ago); both the Neogene and Miocene are themselves subdivisions of the Cenozoic Era (65 million years ago to the present). Climate and Geography As during the preceding Eocene and Oligocene epochs, the Miocene epoch witnessed a continuing cooling trend in the earths climate, as global weather and temperature conditions approached their modern patterns. All of the continents had long since separated, though the Mediterranean Sea remained dry for millions of years (effectively joining Africa and Eurasia) and South America was still completely cut off from North America. The most significant geographic event of the Miocene epoch was the slow collision of the Indian subcontinent with the underside of Eurasia, causing the gradual formation of the Himalayan mountain range. Terrestrial Life During the Miocene Epoch Mammals. There were a few notable trends in mammalian evolution during the Miocene epoch. The prehistoric horses of North America took advantage of the spread of open grasslands and began to evolve toward their modern form; transitional genera included Hypohippus, Merychippus and Hipparion (oddly enough, Miohippus, the Miocene horse, actually lived during the Oligocene epoch!) At the same time, various animal groups — including prehistoric dogs, camels, and deer — became well-established, to the point that a time traveler to the Miocene epoch, encountering a proto-canine like Tomarctus, would immediately recognize what type of mammal she was dealing with. Perhaps most significantly, from the perspective of modern humans, the Miocene epoch was the golden age of apes and hominids. These prehistoric primates mostly lived in Africa and Eurasia, and included such important transitional genera as Gigantopithecus, Dryopithecus, and Sivapithecus. Unfortunately, apes and hominids (which walked with a more upright posture) were so thick on the ground during the Miocene epoch that paleontologists have yet to sort out their exact evolutionary relationships, both to each other and to modern Homo sapiens. Birds. Some truly enormous flying birds lived during the Miocene epoch, including the South American Argentavis (which had a wingspan of 25 feet and may have weighed as much as 200 pounds); the slightly smaller (only 75 pounds!) Pelagornis, which had a worldwide distribution; and the 50-pound, sea-going Osteodontornis of North America and Eurasia. All of the other modern bird families had pretty much been established by this time, although various genera were a bit larger than you might expect (penguins being the most notable examples). Reptiles. Although snakes, turtles, and lizards continued to diversify, the Miocene epoch was most notable for its gigantic crocodiles, which were nearly as impressive as the plus-sized genera of the Cretaceous period. Among the most important examples were Purussaurus, a South American caiman, Quinkana, an Australian crocodile, and the Indian Rhamphosuchus, which may have weighed as much as two or three tons. Marine Life During the Miocene Epoch Pinnipeds (the mammalian family that includes seals and walruses) first came into prominence at the end of the Oligocene epoch, and prehistoric genera like Potamotherium and Enaliarctos went on to colonize the rivers of the Miocene. Prehistoric whales — including the gigantic, carnivorous sperm whale ancestor Leviathan and the sleek, gray cetacean Cetotherium — could be found in oceans worldwide, alongside enormous prehistoric sharks like the 50-ton Megalodon. The oceans of the Miocene epoch were also home to one of the first identified forebears of modern dolphins, Eurhinodelphis. Plant Life During the Miocene Epoch As mentioned above, grasses continued to run wild during the Miocene epoch, especially in North America, clearing the way for the evolution of fleet-footed horses and deer, as well as more stolid, cud-chewing ruminants. The appearance of new, tougher grasses toward the later Miocene may have been responsible for the sudden disappearance of many megafauna mammals, which were unable to extract sufficient nutrition from their favorite menu item.

Notable Authors of the 19th Century

Comparing Differnet Acts of Shakespearian Plays Romeo and...

Similarity is all around us in our everyday lives. In every class we take things are compared to one another. Many times people are quoted as saying, â€Å"Everyone is different that’s what makes us the same.† This is a very powerful quote that shows in exact context that similarities are all around us. People we meet, books we read, even the days we live all of very clear and common similarities within them. In the texts of Romeo and Juliet and Midsummer Night’s Dream they both were written by William Shakespeare and they both have lovers. Even though they have these similarities the things that will be focused on comparing are Acts 1-3 in Romeo and Juliet and Midsummer Night’s Dream. The First thing being compared in the two stories†¦show more content†¦One of the only things that are similar in both Act 2 is that one event in each of them will completely turn the play upside down. This is clearly shown in Act 2, scene 6, line 37 when the Friar says, â€Å" Till holy church incorporate two in one. † This event of Romeo and Juliet getting married will both cause the deaths of them both, and the deaths of many others. Also in Act 2, scene 2, Puck Oberon’s mischievous assistant says this, â€Å" When thou wak’st let love forbid.† This line in MSND is where Puck has just put the juice of the flower into Lysander’s eye. Both of these scenes have just destroyed the regular parts of the play and flipped it upside down. The third and final comparison of the plays is Act 3. Act 3 of these plays is also very different. Romeo and Juliet have just been married when Romeo’s friend Mercutio is killed Romeo kills his killer. Then Romeo is banished and Romeo has a night with Juliet. On the other hand in MSND the third act contains Puck making the Queen and Lysander love something they don’t. Both Act 3s of the plays do have another part of them where they are completely turned around and things go from bad to worse. This is very well shown in Act 3, scene 1, lines 185-186 when the prince says, â€Å" And for that offense immediately we do exile him hence. † The line for MSND is in Act 3, scene 1, when Titania wakes up and says, â€Å" Be kind

Conflict Management on Healthcare Outcomes-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the impact of different styles of Conflict Management on healthcare outcomes. Answer: Effective nursing leadership is a medium, which helps in comprehensive fulfillment of health care delivery needs and consumers demands (MacPhee et al., 2012). However, according to Doody and Doody (2012), nurses are over-managed and are led inadequately and as a result, they experience numerous unprecedented challenges while handling patients and delivering care to them. This leads to the generation of emotional tension and conflicts in the workplace (Saeedet al., 2014). The notion of leadership in nursing and healthcare is changing constantly with the discovery of several new theories and frameworks and this leads to generation of different styles of leadership that goes with different conflict management styles (Saeedet al., 2014). The main aim of this study is to examine the impact of different styles of conflict management on healthcare outcomes. The study also aims to analyse how these health care outcomes can be modulated via guiding different conflict management styles with compatible leadership style under specific cultural context. The essay initiates with shedding a brief light on the healthcare issues associated with interpersonal conflict management styles. Under this theme, the essay gives an insight on avoidance and compromising conflict management styles. Towards the end, the essay aims to compare different leadership styles with different conflict management styles. The essay also attempts to evaluate the leadership compatibility with conflict management and how these are helpful in modulating the overall healthcare outcome. Interpersonal conflict management via accommodating and avoidance style According to Johansen (2012), under critical care units and medical-surgical units, nurses prefer avoidance approach in order to cope up with the interpersonal conflicts. During nurse-physician conversation, when a nurse feels intimidated by the "power" or authority" of the doctor, she (nurse) hesitates to counter the physicians regarding the need of the patient and thus giving birth of avoidance conflict management style. A study carried by Baddar et al. (2016), showed that there is a strong relationship between nurses' application of conflict management strategies and their age. For example, young nurses who are less than 30 years old tend to employ more compromising conflict resolution strategies with their clients and accommodating conflict resolution strategies with the physicians. On the other hand, older generation prefers to use collaborative approach with both the physicians and patients. Baddar et al. (2016) further explained that young nurses tend to vouch for approval coming from other people and prefer to share healthy yet tolerable relationship with their clients and try to avoid having enemies in their workplace. Baddar et al. (2016) is of the opinion that compromising conflict resolution strategy brings medium benefits as it attempts to satisfy everyone involved in the conflict. However, Johansen (2012) believed that compromising conflict management style is a kind of poorly managed con flict and such unresolved conflicts may have negative outcome over organisation, individuals and on clients outcomes. According to Thomas-Kilmann Instrument for conflict management accommodating conflict management style is helpful to preserve harmony between the relationships at all cost but such management style give rise to a sense of ignorance that may be detrimental for a long term situation (Riasi Asadzadeh, 2015). Compromising conflict management style may lead to temporary settlement but the long-term outcome may be negative (Riasi Asadzadeh, 2015). Hence it is better that the nurses win over their personal inferiority can engage in dialogue with the doctors in order to avoid any long-term confusion. Such avoidance of confusion will help the healthcare professionals to deliver quality care to the patients. Moreover, the tactics of engaging in dialogue is particularly important under acute care settings because such settings are susceptible to frequent conflict arising out of chaotic nature of the environment (Johansen, 2012). Transactional and conflict management Transactional leadership style shares a positive relationship with compromising styles of conflict management (Saeed et al., 2014). Transactional leadership emphasize on the exchange of process based on the fulfilment of comprehensive contractual obligations. Moreover, a transactional leader identifies and clarifies the subordinates key responsibility areas (Saeed et al., 2014). They also subsequently communicate to them regarding how to execute the task and provide feedback. This mode of guidance or instructive nature of leadership promotes the style of compromise in conflict management (Saeed et al., 2014). Here a nurse working under a transactional leader feels that the leader is pioneer in drafting the correct way towards any medical situation and hence work according to their instruction without raising their owns voice. According to Aritz and Walker (2014), the concept of transactional leadership style and compromising style of conflict management is more applicable in Asian cu lture in comparison to US culture. Nurses belonging from US mainstream culture tend to employ more strategies like dominating to protect the self-interest. They also prefer confrontational and competitive styles of conflict management. Furthermore, nurses of US origin become friends again on the next day after having an open confrontation. On the contrary nurses of Asian origin tend to employ strategies like avoiding, obliging and compromising in order to maintain personal harmony. In Asian nurses, open or direct confrontation are always avoided at any cost and hence generating the significance of transactional leadership management via employing compromise as an important way out in conflict management among the Asian nurses (Aritz Walker, 2014). Thus compromising style of conflict management though has certain drawbacks in proper exchange of knowledge between the nurse and the doctors, but at the same time helps in the maintenance of harmony of the workplace and providing effecti ve treatment in proper time. Transformational leadership and conflict management According to Saeed et al. (2014), integrating or collaborative style of conflict management involves rigorous exchange of information with a gesture of openness. It involves stringent analysis of personal differences in order to arrive on an effective conclusion. When nurses employ integrating style for conflict management, it reflects that they have concerns for the patients. The integrating style of conflict management also reflects that nurses have a problem solving nature and are solution oriented. Chan et al. (2014) stated that nurses who employ integrating style for conflict management are successful in achieving behavioural compliance and are less likely to go through a persistent conflict at professional sector and have comparatively less dispute. According to Saeed et al. (2014), transformational relationship has significant influence over obliging and integrating style of conflict management. This is because, transformational leaders focus on the long-term needs and not on immediate needs to the employees. Their concern focused over the future issues provides a holistic approach towards influencing nurses towards practicing integrating style for conflict management. Such leadership style is more effective during turbulent environment and conflicting situation, which is common in health care practice especially during emergency setup. A transformational leader seeks new ways of working in a conflicting situation. This they do via managing the entire situation in a positive way (Saeed et al., 2014). For a transformational leader to be successful, he or she needs to become a role model for the subordinate staffs. In order to become a role model, a transformational leader needs to update his or her knowledge and respond on the basis of evidence-based approach (Doody Doody, 2012). Moreover, for a transformational nurse leader to be successful and to manage the conflict in an effective manner, they are required to be charismatic. Here charisma is dependent on the personal trait like self-confidence, persuasiveness and extra-ordinary ideas that generate affection along with commitment towards the vision and goals (Doody Doody, 2012). However, within transformational leadership, there are numerous levels like direct leadership roles at the grass-root level and higher leadership roles at the service level. The differenc e in job role leads to conflict while taking the final decisions. Direct leaders lies at a vulnerable position as ideas are transmitted through direct leadership. They are in a pressure to meet the requirement of the clients and at the same time are restricted by the upper level leaders who always force to provide emphasis on organizational and strategic issues (Doody Doody, 2012). Direct leaders are also unaware of the budgetary constraints of the organization and hence in a difficult position to balance staff conflict management and conflict management with their own hierarchy. Thus for a transformational leader to promote conflict management through integrating conflict management strategy, they need to be smart enough to communicate their vision to the staffs while recognising the pith fall within their job role when shared vision comes into the scenario (Doody Doody, 2012). As a summary, it can be said that both transactional and transformational styles is beneficial for the safety of conflict management in nursing and healthcare. Here transactional leadership is way more compatible with the nurses of Asian origins as they try to avoid face to face conflict in order to dodge direct confrontation and this abide by the compromising and avoidance style of conflict management. Thus proper training along with proper implementation of developmental programmes should be undertaken in order to make specific links between the behaviour of the leader and subsequent impact on the style of conflict management by the subordinate nurse and it healthcare outcomes. References Aritz, J., Walker, R. C. (2014). Leadership styles in multicultural groups: Americans and East Asians working together.International Journal of Business Communication,51(1), 72-92. Retrieved from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2329488413516211 Baddar, F., Salem, O. A., Villagracia, H. N. (2016).Conflict resolution strategies of nurses in a selected government tertiary hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Journal of Nursing Education and Practice,6(5), 91.DOI: 10.5430/jnep.v6n5p91 Chan, J. C., Sit, E. N., Lau, W. M. (2014). Conflict management styles, emotional intelligence and implicit theories of personality of nursing students: A cross-sectional study.Nurse education today,34(6), 934-939.https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.10.012 Doody, O., Doody, C. M. (2012).Transformational leadership in nursing practice.British Journal of Nursing,21(20), 1212-1218. Johansen, M. L. (2012). Keeping the peace: conflict management strategies for nurse managers.Nursing Management,43(2), 50-54.doi: 10.1097/01.NUMA.0000410920.90831.96 MacPhee, M., Skelton?Green, J., Bouthillette, F., Suryaprakash, N. (2012). An empowerment framework for nursing leadership development: supporting evidence.Journal of advanced nursing,68(1), 159-169. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05746.x Riasi, A., Asadzadeh, N. (2015).The relationship between principals reward power and their conflict management styles based on ThomasKilmann conflict mode instrument.Management Science Letters,5(6), 611-618. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2015.4.004 Saeed, T., Almas, S., Anis-ul-Haq, M., Niazi, G. S. K. (2014). Leadership styles: relationship with conflict management styles.International Journal of Conflict Management,25(3), 214-225. https:// dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683941311300252